Belgium

Belgium, a country at the crossroads of cultures and history, offers a unique combination of medieval architecture, picturesque canals, and world-class gastronomy. Cozy streets of Bruges and Belgian beer culture coexist with the cosmopolitan spirit of Brussels, creating unforgettable experiences for every traveler.

Discover the heart of Europe in Belgium: a country of enchanting castles, exquisite chocolate, and cozy cities where history and modernity intertwine in a captivating dance.

General information

Belgium is a small country located in Western Europe. It shares borders with France to the southwest, Luxembourg to the southeast, Germany to the east, and the Netherlands to the northeast. Belgium also has access to the North Sea to the northwest. The total area of the country is approximately 30,528 square kilometers.

The population of Belgium is around 11.5 million people. Three languages are officially recognized in the country: Dutch, French, and German, reflecting its cultural and linguistic diversity. Belgium is divided into three regions: the Flemish Region, predominantly Dutch-speaking; the Walloon Region, where French is spoken along with a small part that speaks German; and the bilingual Brussels-Capital Region.

Belgium attracts tourists from all over the world for a variety of reasons:

• Historical and cultural heritage: Belgium is known for its rich historical heritage, with many medieval cities such as Bruges and Ghent, as well as magnificent castles.
• Capital - Brussels: As the capital of the European Union, Brussels offers many attractions, including the Grand Place, Atomium, and the Royal Palace.
• Cuisine: Belgium is famous for its culinary delights, including chocolate, waffles, and the famous Belgian beer and fries.
• Festivals and cultural events: The Belgian calendar is filled with diverse festivals and cultural events, such as the carnival in Binche and the flower carpet in Brussels.
• Art and architecture: Belgium is home to many museums and galleries showcasing works by artists such as René Magritte and Pieter Bruegel.

These and many other factors make Belgium attractive to tourists seeking to enjoy its cultural, historical, and gastronomic diversity.

A brief excursion into history

Belgium has a rich and complex history, starting from ancient times to the present day. Here is a brief overview of key events in the country's history:

• Antiquity and Middle Ages: The territory of modern Belgium was inhabited since prehistoric times. During the Roman Empire, Celtic tribes of the Belgae lived here. After the fall of the Roman Empire, the region came under the rule of the Franks and by the 9th century became part of the Carolingian Medieval state.

• Middle Ages and Burgundian Period: In the 14th-15th centuries, Belgium was part of the Duchy of Burgundy, which contributed to the rise of cities and trade. Cities like Bruges and Ghent were major trading centers.

• Spanish and Austrian rule: In the 16th century, the lands of Belgium became part of the Spanish Netherlands after being conquered by Charles V. This period was characterized by religious conflicts, especially between Catholics and Protestants. In the 18th century, after the War of the Spanish Succession, the territory came under Austrian control.

• Napoleonic Wars and Formation of the State: In 1795, France annexed the territory of Belgium. After Napoleon's defeat at the Congress of Vienna in 1815, Belgium was joined with the Netherlands. However, this union was short-lived. In 1830, the Belgian Revolution took place, resulting in Belgium gaining independence.

• World Wars I and II: Belgium was neutral but was occupied by Germany during both World Wars.

• Post-war Recovery and European Union: After World War II, Belgium quickly rebuilt its economy and actively participated in the creation of international organizations such as Benelux, NATO, and the European Union, becoming one of its founding members.

• Modern Events: In recent decades, Belgium has become a federal state consisting of three regions: Flanders, Wallonia, and Brussels, as a result of numerous reforms aimed at resolving linguistic and cultural disagreements between the Flemish and Walloons.

This brief overview provides an insight into the complex history of Belgium and the key events that have influenced its development.

Natural attractions

Belgium, although a relatively small country, offers a variety of natural attractions:

• The Ardennes: This region in the southeast of the country is known for its forests, hills, and rivers. Popular activities here include hiking, cycling, and kayaking. The Ardennes are also famous for their picturesque villages and castles.

• High Fens: This extensive boggy plateau is located on the border with Germany. It is part of the largest national park in Belgium, High Fens-Eifel. Visitors can walk on wooden walkways and enjoy the wild nature.

• The caves of Han-sur-Lesse: These karst caves are located near the town of Dinant. Tourists can visit impressive underground chambers and admire stalactites and stalagmites.

• Sonian Forest: This vast forested area is located on the southern outskirts of Brussels and is a popular spot for walks, picnics, and enjoying nature.

• West Flemish coast: Belgium has a small but beautiful stretch of the North Sea coast, where you can enjoy sandy beaches and dunes. Resorts such as Ostend and Blankenberge offer plenty of entertainment.

• Hoge Kempen National Park: The only officially recognized national park in Belgium, located in the province of Limburg. Here you can find diverse landscapes including sandy dunes, forests, and heathlands.

These places offer wonderful opportunities for outdoor recreation and to explore the diverse landscapes of Belgium.

Culture and Traditions

Belgium is a country with a rich cultural heritage and diverse traditions, reflected in its holidays, festivals, and cuisine.

Culture and traditions

Belgium is renowned for its cultural diversity. The country is composed of three main regions: Flanders, Wallonia, and the Brussels-Capital Region. Each of these regions has its unique traditions and cultural heritage. Belgium is a country where three official languages are spoken: Dutch (in Flanders), French (in Wallonia), and German (in some regions in the east). This linguistic and cultural diversity makes Belgium unique.

Holidays and festivals

• Carnival in Binche: Celebrated in the city of Binche in February or March. It is a UNESCO heritage event featuring colorful parades, costumes, and Gilles (masked characters).
• Omegang of the Uilenspiegel in Damme: A festival in honor of the famous Flemish folklore character, held every couple of years.
• Floral Parade in Ghent (Gentse Floraliën): Held every five years, it is a major flower show attracting spectators from around the world.
• Beer Festival in Bruges: Held every February, where visitors can try a variety of Belgian beers.
• Brussels Jazz Marathon: Takes place annually in May and includes free outdoor concerts.

Local cuisine

Belgian cuisine is known for its variety and quality:

• Waffles: There are two main types - Brussels waffles (lighter and crisper) and Liege waffles (softer with caramelized sugar).
• Chocolate: Belgian chocolate is highly regarded for its taste. Well-known brands like Godiva and Neuhaus offer a variety of chocolate products.
• Beer: Belgium is one of the world's leading beer producers. The variety of types is amazing - from strong Trappist ales to fruity lambics.
• Frites (French fries): Despite their international fame, it is believed that French fries actually originate from Belgium.
• Mussels: A popular dish, especially when paired with frites.
• Stoofvlees: Stewed meat, often served with frites and mustard.

Belgium's culture and traditions offer a unique opportunity to immerse oneself in a diversity that combines elements of Flemish, Walloon, and international cultures.

Useful information for tourists

Belgium, known for its picturesque cities, rich history, and unique cuisine, attracts many tourists from around the world. Here are some useful tips and information for those planning to visit this country:

Best Time to Visit

• Spring (April-June): One of the best times to visit Belgium due to the mild weather and blooming gardens, including the famous carpet flowers in Brussels.
• Summer (July-August): Although it's high tourist season, various festivals and events take place during this time, such as the Brussels Summer Festival and Ghent Festivities.
• Autumn (September-October): The weather remains comfortable, tourist sites are less crowded, making it perfect for sightseeing.
• Winter (November-March): During winter, tourists can enjoy Christmas markets and winter sports in the Ardennes. However, be prepared for rainy and cool weather.

Safety

• General Safety: Belgium is considered relatively safe for tourists. However, as with any other place, it is recommended to be careful with your belongings, especially in busy tourist areas.
• Fraud and Pickpockets: In major cities like Brussels and Bruges, it's important to be extra cautious on crowded streets and public transport.
• Emergency Services: In case of need, you can call the police, ambulance, or fire service at the unified number 112.

Healthcare

• Medical Services: Belgium has a high level of medical care. Modern hospitals and pharmacies are available in major cities.
• Insurance: It is recommended to have medical insurance before traveling, which will cover possible treatment expenses.
• Water and Food: Tap water in Belgium is safe to drink. The local cuisine is diverse and delicious, from waffles and chocolate to famous Belgian beers.

Additional Tips

• Languages: The country has three official languages - Dutch, French, and German. English is also widely used in tourist areas.
• Transportation: Belgium has a well-developed public transportation network, including buses, trams, and trains. Train travel is convenient for moving between cities.
• Culture: Belgium is renowned for cultural events, museums, and architecture. Visiting places like Grand Place in Brussels or the Magritte Museum can enrich your cultural experience.

Visiting Belgium is a great opportunity to enjoy European history, culture, and hospitality. I hope this information will help make your journey safe and unforgettable!

Transport

In Belgium there is a well-developed transportation system that allows for easy travel throughout the country. The main types of transportation include:

• Rail transportation: Belgium has an extensive railway network, and traveling by train is one of the most convenient ways to travel around the country. The national railway company of Belgium (SNCB/NMBS) offers frequent services between major cities and regions.

• Buses and trams: In major cities such as Brussels, Antwerp, Ghent, and Liege, public transportation in the form of buses and trams is available. They provide good connections within cities and suburbs.

• Subway: Brussels has a metro system, which is a fast and efficient way to travel around the capital.

• Roads: Belgium has a well-developed road network, including highways, making car travel around the country convenient. However, traffic jams can occur, especially during peak hours in major cities.

• Bicycles: Bicycles are a popular mode of transportation in Belgium, especially in cities like Ghent and Antwerp, where bike-sharing programs and infrastructure for cyclists are well-developed.

• Planes: Domestic flights in Belgium are not as popular due to the small size of the country and well-developed ground transportation. However, international airports such as Brussels Airport provide aviation connections with other countries.

• Taxis and car-sharing: Taxi services are available in cities, as well as car-sharing options, for example, using platforms like Uber.

These types of transportation make traveling around Belgium convenient and efficient.

Why is it worth visiting this country?

Belgium is a country with a rich culture, history, and diverse attractions. Here are a few reasons why you should visit this country:

• Architectural attractions: The medieval cities of Belgium, such as Bruges and Ghent, charm with their narrow streets and impressive architecture. Brussels, the capital of the country, is famous for its Gothic Cathedral of St. Michael and St. Gudula, as well as the Grand Place, which is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

• Historical heritage: Belgium has a rich history, from Roman times to the World Wars. You can visit the battlefields of World War I in Ypres or museums of World War II.

• Chocolate and beer: Belgium is known for its exquisite chocolate and beer, which are prized around the world. Here you will find many chocolate boutiques and beer bars where you can try a variety of styles.

• Cuisine: In addition to chocolate and beer, Belgian cuisine offers many other delicacies, such as mussels with fries (moules-frites), waffles, and various cheeses.

• Art and culture: Belgium is the homeland of many famous artists, such as René Magritte and Pieter Bruegel the Elder. The country has many museums where you can explore works of both classic and contemporary art.

• Multilingual and multinational environment: Belgium is divided into three language regions: the French-speaking region, the Flemish region, and the German-speaking region. This creates a unique cultural diversity and allows you to immerse yourself in various cultural traditions.

• Geographical location: Located in the heart of Europe, Belgium is an excellent starting point for trips to neighboring countries such as France, Germany, the Netherlands, and Luxembourg.

In conclusion, Belgium offers a rich cultural experience, exquisite cuisine, and a convenient location, making it an attractive choice for travelers.